Kamyshin, who was the minister for strategic industries, resigned last week as a part of a Ukrainian government shake-up at a critical juncture in the war with Russia.
Kamyshin wrote on X: "Stepping into my new position — Advisor to my President on strategic affairs."
"Will keep working on building up our defense industry. And a couple of other strategic areas upon request of my President."
Zelenskyy said Ukraine needed "new energy" and ordered the biggest government reshuffle since the start of Russia's invasion in February 2022.
Last week, the Ukrainian parliament voted to appoint nine new ministers including the foreign minister and two deputy prime ministers.